An overview of international research on manager well-being: Scoping review of 698 research articles on manager well-being from 1953 to 2024

Front page of Systematic Review of Manager's Wellbeing
Contributors

Jan Heiberg Johansen, Aalborg University, https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3660-7364
Stine Rasmussen, Aalborg University, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6129-6891

Synopsis

The report provides a comprehensive overview of international research on manager well-being based on a scoping review of 698 research articles published from 1953 to 2024. The purpose is to create an overview of the existing research and identify research gaps that can inform future research and practice efforts.

Manager well-being is an important, but still under-exposed area that has a direct impact on both managers and their organizations' results. The report finds that despite increasing interest in the topic since the turn of the millennium, which has provided valuable knowledge about manager well-being, there are significant gaps in the available knowledge about manager well-being, e.g. within many
industries.

We identify three overall main themes within the research and a number of knowledge gaps within each of the themes:
The precondition perspective: What are the preconditions for manager well-being? That is, what helps to promote and hinder manager well-being?
The outcome perspective: What are the results and effects of manager well-being?

The intervention perspective: What initiatives and interventions can contribute to strengthening or promoting managers' well-being? Here we look at intervention studies.

This is an emerging field of research where there is a need to consolidate and expand the understanding of managers' well-being. For example, there is a need for a more nuanced understanding of how different management levels and factors affect managers' well-being over time.

The report recommends a stronger focus on cross-sectoral studies, in-depth studies of less covered industries and geographical areas, and the development of and research into interventions that can test new ways to improve managers' well-being across sectors and management levels.

References

Adriaenssens, J., Hamelink, A., & Van Bogaert, P. (2017). Predictors of occupational stress and well-being in First-Line Nurse Managers: A cross-sectional survey study. International Journal of Nursing Studies. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJNURSTU.2017.05.007

Ahmadi, E., Lundqvist, D., Bergström, G., & MacAssa, G. (2023). Managers’ and employ- ees’ experiences of how managers’ wellbeing impacts their leadership behaviours in Swedish small businesses. Work, 75(1), 97–112. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-220159

Arksey, H., & O’Malley, L. (2005). Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616

Arnold, K. A., Turner, N., Barling, J., Kelloway, E. K., & McKee, M. C. (2007). Transforma- tional leadership and psychological well-being: The mediating role of meaningful work. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12(3), Article 3.

https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.12.3.193

Arvidsson, I., Leo, U., Oudin, A., Nilsson, K., Håkansson, C., Österberg, K., & Persson, R. (2021). Should I Stay or Should I Go? Associations between Occupational Factors, Signs of Exhaustion, and the Intention to Change Workplace among Swedish Principals.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105376

Barling, J., & Cloutier, A. (2017). Leaders’ mental health at work: Empirical, methodolo- gical, and policy directions. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 394–406. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000055

Beausaert, S., Froehlich, D. E., Devos, C., & Riley, P. (2016). Effects of support on stress and burnout in school principals. Educational Research (Windsor), 58(4), 347–365. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2016.1220810

Berti, M., & Simpson, A. (2019). The Dark Side Of Organizational Paradoxes: The Dynamics Of Disempowerment. Academy of Management Review, ja.

Björklund, C., Lohela-Karlsson, M., Jensen, I., & Bergström, G. (2013). Hierarchies of health: Health and work-related stress of managers in municipalities and county coun- cils in Sweden. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 55(7), 752–760. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e318295681c

Blom, V., Bodin, L., Bergström, G., & Svedberg, P. (2016). Applying the demand-control- support model on burnout in managers and non-managers. International Journal of Work- place Health Management, 9(1), 110–122.

https://doi.org/10.1108/ijwhm-06-2015-0033

Bolschakow, X., Rigotti, T., & Otto, K. (2023). Leaders’ well-being – antecedent or consequence of authentic leadership? Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 44(3), 423–436.

https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-08-2022-0358

Bono, J. E., & Ilies, R. (2006). Charisma, positive emotions and mood contagion. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.04.008

Bostjancic, E. (2010). Personality, job satisfaction, and performance of slovenian managers - how big is the role of emotional intelligence in this? Studia psychologica, 52(3), 207–218.

Bowens, A. N., Ford, D. J., & Boggs, O. M. (2021). Job Satisfaction and Retention Among Physical Therapist Education Program Directors. Journal of Physical Therapy Education, 35(2), 95–102. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1097/JTE.0000000000000176

Boyatzis, R. E., Smith, M. L., & Blaize, N. (2006). Developing Sustainable Leaders Through Coaching and Compassion. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 5(1), 8–24. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2006.20388381

Bunea, E. (2020). “Grace Under Pressure”: How CEOs Use Serious Leisure to Cope With the Demands of Their Job. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01453

Bunea, E., Kark, R., & Hammond, M. (2023). “Leisureship”: Impact of pursuing serious leisure on leaders’ performance. Human Resource Management Review, 33(2), 100950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2022.100950

Burke, J., Kinnarney, P., & Salokangas, M. (2022). ‘Split in all directions’: An exploration of the impact of wellbeing and daily responsibilities on post-primary school leaders’ perceived stress. School Leadership and Management, 42(2), 110–125. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632434.2021.2016683

Burke, R. J. (2001). Organizational values, work experiences and satisfactions among managerial and professional women. Journal of Management Development, 20(4), 346–354. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710110695333

Burke, R. J. (2002). Organizational values, job experiences and satisfactions among managerial and professional women and men: Advantage men? Women in Management Review, 17(5), 228–236. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420210433184

Burney, L. L., & Swanson, N. J. (2010). The relationship between balanced scorecard characteristics and managers’ job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Issues, 22(2), 166–

181. Scopus.

Byrne, A., Dionisi, A. M., Barling, J., Akers, A., Robertson, J., Lys, R., Wylie, J., & Dupré, K. (2014). The depleted leader: The influence of leaders’ diminished psychological resources on leadership behaviors. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(2), 344–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2013.09.003

Carbery, R., Garavan, T. N., O’Brien, F., & McDonnell, J. (2003). Predicting hotel managers’ turnover cognitions. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(7–8), 649–679. Scopus. https://doi.org/10/cjwdrb

Cegarra-Leiva, D., Sánchez-Vidal, E., & Cegarra-Navarro, J. G. (2012). Work life balance and the retention of managers in Spanish SMEs. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(1), 91–108. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.610955

Chambers, R. S. (2023). Increasing Nurse Leader Compassion Satisfaction Through Gratitude. Nurse Leader, 21(3), e17–e21. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2022.10.005

Cloutier, A. E., & Barling, J. (2023). Expectations of Leaders’ Mental Health. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 30(3), 276–296. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/15480518231178637

Collie, R. J., Granziera, H., & Martin, A. J. (2020). School principals’ workplace well-being: A multination examination of the role of their job resources and job demands.

Journal of Educational Administration, 58(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-04-2019-0075

Cooper, C., & Leiter, M. (2017). The Routledge Companion to Wellbeing at Work. Taylor & Francis.

Cox, C. A. (2019). Nurse manager job satisfaction and retention: A home healthcare perspective. Nursing Management, 50(7), 16–23. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NUMA.0000558512.58455.68

Cregård, A., & Corin, L. (2019). Public sector managers: The decision to leave or remain in a job. Human Resource Development International. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2018.1563749

Cäker, M., & Siverbo, S. (2018). Effects of performance measurement system inconsi- stency on managers’ role clarity and well-being. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 34(3), 256–266.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scaman.2018.06.005

Dalgaard, V., Gayed, A., Hansen, A., Grytnes, R., Nielsen, K., Kirkegaard, T., Uldall, L., In- gerslev, K., Skakon, J., & Jacobsen, C. (2023). A study protocol outlining the development and evaluation of a training program for frontline managers on leading well-being and the psychosocial work environment in Danish hospital settings—A cluster randomized waitlist controlled trial. BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, 23(1).

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15728-2

Dijkhuizen, J., Gorgievski, M., Van Veldhoven, M., & Schalk, R. (2018). Well-Being, Personal Success and Business Performance Among Entrepreneurs: A Two-Wave Study. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19(8), 2187–2204.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-017-9914-6

Domínguez-Falcón, C., Martín-Santana, J. D., & De Saá-Pérez, P. (2016). Human resources management and performance in the hotel industry: The role of the commitment and satisfaction of managers versus supervisors. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(3), 490–515. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-08-2014-0386

Ekrot, B., Rank, J., Kock, A., & Gemünden, H. G. (2018). Retaining and satisfying project managers – antecedents and outcomes of project managers’ perceived organizational support. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(12), 1950–1971. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1255903

Elofsson, S., Lundström, T., & Shanks, E. (2016). High job strain among social work managers and its relation to perceived work situation. European Journal of Social Work, 19(5), 664–678.

https://doi.org/10.1080/13691457.2015.1032894

Fernet, C., Torrès, O., Austin, S., & St-Pierre, J. (2016). The psychological costs of owning and managing an SME: Linking job stressors, occupational loneliness, entrepreneurial orientation, and burnout. Burnout Research, 3(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2016.03.002

Fitzsimons, B. (2022). Improving leadership should include support for leaders’ well- being. BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, 378. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o1650

Foulk, T. A., Lanaj, K., Tu, M.-H., Erez, A., & Archambeau, L. (2018). Heavy Is the Head that Wears the Crown: An Actor-centric Approach to Daily Psychological Power, Abusive Leader Behavior, and Perceived Incivility. Academy of Management Journal, 61(2), 661–684. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2015.1061

Frye, W. D., & Mount, D. J. (2007). An examination of job satisfaction of general managers based on hotel size and service type. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality and Tourism, 6(2), 109–134. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1300/J171v06n02_06

Gabriel, A. S., Lanaj, K., & Jennings, R. E. (2021). Is one the loneliest number? A with- in-person examination of the adaptive and maladaptive consequences of leader loneliness at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 106(10), 1517–1538. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000838

Gilbert, M.-H., Dextras-Gauthier, J., Boulet, M., Auclair, I., Dima, J., & Boucher, F. (2024). Leading well and staying psychologically healthy: The role of resources and constraints for managers in the healthcare sector. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 38(1), 70–91. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-12-2021-0442

Goebel, J., Schmidt, M., Seifried-Duebon, T., Linden, K., Degen, L., Rind, E., Eilerts, A., Pieper, C., Grot, M., Werners, B., Schroeder, V., Joeckel, K., Rieger, M., Weltermann, B., & IMPROVEjob Consortium. (2022). Higher Work-Privacy Conflict and Lower Job Satisfac- tion in GP Leaders and Practice Assistants Working Full-Time Compared to Part-Time: Results of the IMPROVEjob Study. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health, 19(5).

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052618

Gorgievski, M. J., Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B., van der Veen, H. B., & Giesen, C. W. M. (2010). Financial problems and psychological distress: Investigating reciprocal effects among business owners. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(2), Article 2.

https://doi.org/10.1348/096317909X434032

Grund, C., & Rubin, M. (2017). Social comparisons of wage increases and job satisfaction.

Applied Economics, 49(14), 1345–1350. Scopus. https://doi.org/10/gfrjhh

Heiberg Johansen, J. (2018). Paradox Management—Contradictions and Tensions in Complex Organizations. Palgrave Macmillan.

Hirschfeld, R. R., Bernerth, J. B., & Walker, H. J. (2021). Explaining Leader Well-Being in the Workplace from Leaders’ Identity, Reputation, and Charisma. Applied Psychology, 70(3), 1295–1322. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12276

Holmberg, R., Larsson, M., & Bäckström, M. (2016). Developing leadership skills and resilience in turbulent times: A quasi-experimental evaluation study. Journal of Manage- ment Development, 35(2), Article 2.

https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-09-2014-0093

Hudgins, T. A. (2016). Resilience, job satisfaction and anticipated turnover in nurse lead- ers. Journal of Nursing Management, 24(1), Article 1.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12289

Huq, J.-L., Reay, T., & Chreim, S. (2017). Protecting the paradox of interprofessional collaboration. Organization Studies, 38(3–4), 513–538.

https://doi.org/10/gjjsbc

Härenstam, A., Pousette, A., & Berntson, E. (2022). Improving organizational and working conditions for managers in the Swedish public sector: A conceptual model and evalua- tion of interventions. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 43(1), 72–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X19883017

Innocent Kwame Bedi & Hasso Kukemelk. (2018). School Principals and Job Stress: The Silent Dismissal Agent and Forgotten Pill in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4. US-China Education Review. B, Education Theory, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6248/2018.08.004

Johansson, G., Sandahl, C., & Hasson, D. (2013a). Role stress among first-line nurse man- agers and registered nurses - a comparative study: Role stress a comparative study. Journal of Nursing Management, 21(3), 449–458.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2011.01311.x

Johansson, G., Sandahl, C., & Hasson, D. (2013b). Role stress among first-line nurse managers and registered nurses—A comparative study. Journal of nursing management. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2834.2011.01311.X

Jäppinen, K., Roos, M., Slater, P., & Suominen, T. (2022). Connection between nurse man- agers’ stress from workload and overall job stress, job satisfaction and practice envi- ronment in central hospitals: A cross-sectional study. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research, 42(2), 109–116. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1177/20571585211018607

Kath, L. M., Stichler, J. F., & Ehrhart, M. G. (2012). Moderators of the Negative Outcomes of Nurse Manager Stress. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 42(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0b013e31824ccd25

Kath, L. M., Stichler, J. F., Ehrhart, M. G., & Sievers, A. (2013). Predictors of nurse manag- er stress: A dominance analysis of potential work environment stressors. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 50(11), Article 11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.02.011

Katsikea, E., Theodosiou, M., Perdikis, N., & Kehagias, J. (2011). The effects of organiza- tional structure and job characteristics on export sales managers’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Journal of World Business, 46(2), 221–233. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2010.11.003

Kim, W. G., & Brymer, R. A. (2011). The effects of ethical leadership on manager job satisfaction, commitment, behavioral outcomes, and firm performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 1020–1026. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.03.008

Klebe, L., Klug, K., & Felfe, J. (2022). When Your Boss Is Under Pressure: On the Relation- ships Between Leadership Inconsistency, Leader and Follower Strain. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 816258.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.816258

Kline, T. J. B., & Boyd, J. E. D. (1991). Organizational structure, context, and climate: Their relationships to job satisfaction at three managerial Levels. Journal of General Psychology, 118(4), 305–316. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.1991.9917791

Knudsen, H. K., Ducharme, L. J., & Roman, P. M. (2009). Turnover Intention and Emotional Exhaustion “at the Top”: Adapting the Job Demands-Resources Model to Leaders of Ad- diction Treatment Organizations. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013822

Kristiansen, M., Westeren, K. I., Obstfelder, A., & Lotherington, A. T. (2016). Coping with increased managerial tasks: Tensions and dilemmas in nursing leadership. Journal of Research in Nursing, 21(7), Article 7.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987116668940

Krokås, W. (2009). Lederutdanning blant sykepleieledere – gir det økt opplevelse av mestring og trivsel? [Master thesis, The University of Bergen].

https://bora.uib.no/bora-xmlui/handle/1956/5324

Lange, T. (2012). Job satisfaction and self-employment: Autonomy or personality? Small Business Economics, 38(2), Article 2.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-009-9249-8

Laschinger, H., Purdy, N., & Almost, J. (2007). The impact of leader-member exchange quality, empowerment, and core self-evaluation on nurse manager’s job satisfaction. JOURNAL OF NURSING ADMINISTRATION, 37(5), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NNA.0000269746.63007.08

Lasierra, J. M. (2018). Job satisfaction among senior managers and employees:

A comparative analysis of the public and private sectors in Spain. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administracion, 31(2), 410–425. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARLA-06-2016-0185

Lee, H., & Cummings, G. G. (2008). Factors influencing job satisfaction of front line nurse managers: A systematic review. Journal of Nursing Management, 16(7), 768–783. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2008.00879.x

Levy, D. V. (2015). Effects of workaholism on satisfaction among US managerial and professional women. Gender in Management, 30(8), 635–651. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-08-2014-0076

Li, W.-D., Schaubroeck, J., Xie, J. L., & Keller, A. C. (2018). Is being a leader a mixed blessing? A dual-pathway model linking leadership role occupancy to well-being. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(8), 971–989.

https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2273

Lin, S.-H. (Joanna), Scott, B. A., & Matta, F. K. (2019). The Dark Side of Transformational Leader Behaviors for Leaders Themselves: A Conservation of Resources Perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 62(5), 1556–1582. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2016.1255

Lundqvist, D., Eriksson, A. F., & Ekberg, K. (2012). Exploring the relationship between managers’ leadership and their health. Work (Reading, Mass.), 42(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-2012-1395

Lundqvist, D., Reineholm, C., Gustavsson, M., & Ekberg, K. (2013). Investigating work conditions and burnout at three hierarchical levels. Journal of Occupational and Environ- mental Medicine, 55(10).

https://doi.org/10.1097/jom.0b013e31829b27df

Martin, A., MacTaggart, D., & Bowden, J. (2006). The barriers to the recruitment and retention of supervisors/managers in the Scottish tourism industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 18(5), 380–397. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596110610673529

Matick, E., Kottwitz, M. U., Rigotti, T., & Otto, K. (2022). I can’t get no Sleep: The Role of Leaders’ Health and Leadership Behavior on Employees’ Sleep Quality. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(6), 869–879. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2022.2077198

Mesko, M. (2012). Relationship between stress coping strategies and absenteeism among middle level managers: (604062012-318) [Dataset].

https://doi.org/10.1037/e604062012-318

Meyer, S. J., Espel, E. V., Weston-Sementelli, J. L., Melton, J., & Anguiano, C. J. (2020). Retention, Mobility, and Attrition among School and District Leaders in Colorado, Missouri, and South Dakota. Study Brief. REL 2020-033. I Regional Educational Laboratory Central. Regional Educational Laboratory Central. http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=ED607380

Miller, M., & Hemberg, J. (2023). Nurse leaders’ perceptions of workload and task distri- bution in public healthcare: A qualitative explorative study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 32(13–14), 3557–3567. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16428

Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., Stewart, L. A., & PRISMA-P Group. (2015). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic Reviews, 4(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1

Montgomery, A. P., & Patrician, P. A. (2022). Work environment, resilience, burnout, intent to leave during COVID pandemic among nurse leaders: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Nursing Management, 30(8), 4015–4023. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13831

Nielsen, K., & Daniels, K. (2012). Enhancing team leaders’ well-being states and challenge experiences during organizational change: A randomized, controlled study. Human Relations, 65(9), Article 9.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726711433312

Nilsson, K., Oudin, A., Arvidsson, I., Håkansson, C., Österberg, K., Leo, U., & Persson, R. (2022). School Principals’ Work Participation in an Extended Working Life—Are They Able to, and Do They Want to? A Quantitative Study of the Work Situation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(7), 3983. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19073983

Noor, A., Walsh, J., & John Walsh. (2020). Managing in a war zone: Somalian managers in the banking and mobile telecommunications sectors. Sa Journal of Human Resource Management, 18, 10.

https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v18i0.1148

Nyberg, A., Leineweber, C., & Magnusson Hanson, L. (2015). Gender differences in psy- chosocial work factors, work–personal life interface, and well-being among Swedish managers and non-managers. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 88(8), 1149–1164.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-015-1043-0

Nyberg, A., Peristera, P., Bernhard-Oettel, C., & Leineweber, C. (2018). Does work-personal life interference predict turnover among male and female managers, and do depressive symptoms mediate the association? A longitudinal study based on a Swedish cohort.

BMC Public Health, 18(1), 828. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5736-7

Pagon, M., Spector, P. E., Cooper, C. L., & Lobnikar, B. (2011). Managers in Suits and Man- agers in Uniforms: Sources and Outcomes of Occupational Stress. International Journal of Police Science and Management, 13(3), 211–222. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1350/ijps.2011.13.3.245

Pantouvakis, A., & Mpogiatzidis, P. (2013). Measuring clinical department efficiency – the impact of clinical leadership job satisfaction: An application to public hospitals. Bench- marking: An International Journal, 20(3), 305–321. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/14635771311318108

Peters, M. D. J., Marnie, C., Colquhoun, H., Garritty, C. M., Hempel, S., Horsley, T., Langlois, E. V., Lillie, E., O’Brien, K. K., Tunçalp, Özge, Wilson, M. G., Zarin, W., & Tricco,

A. C. (2021). Scoping reviews: Reinforcing and advancing the methodology and application. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), 263.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01821-3

Renkema, M., Meijerink, J., & Bondarouk, T. (2017). Advancing multilevel thinking in human resource management research: Applications and guidelines. Human Resource Management Review, 27(3), 397–415.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.03.001

Rojas, M., Watkins-Fassler, K., & Rodríguez-Ariza, L. (2022). The Life Satisfaction

of Owner-Manager Entrepreneurs When the Business of Business is not only Business. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 17(4), 2251–2275. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-022-10035-1

Rosser, V. (2004). A national study on midlevel leaders in higher education: The unsung professionals in the academy. Higher Education, 48(3), 317–337. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HIGH.0000035543.58672.52

Shelton, C., Hein, S., & Phipps, K. (2022). Positive and proactive leadership: Disentan- gling the relationships between stress, resilience, leadership style and leader satisfac- tion/well-being. International Journal Of Organizational Analysis, 30(2), 408–429. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-05-2020-2221

Shirey, M. R. (2009). Authentic leadership, organizational culture, and healthy work en- vironments. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 32(3), 189–198. Scopus. https://doi.org/10/gm4zwh

Skagert, K., Dellve, L., & Ahlborg, G. (2012). A prospective study of managers’ turn- over and health in a healthcare organization: Healthcare managers’ turnover and health. Journal of Nursing Management, 20(7), 889–899. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2011.01347.x

Skakon, J., Kristensen, T. S., Christensen, K. B., Lund, T., & Labriola, M. (2011). Do ma- nagers experience more stress than employees? Results from the Intervention Project on Absence and Well-being (IPAW) study among Danish managers and their employees. Work, 38(2), 103–109.

https://doi.org/10.3233/wor-2011-1112

Skakon, J., Nielsen, K., Borg, V., Guzman, J., & Jaime Guzman. (2010). Are leaders’ well- being, behaviours and style associated with the affective well-being of their employees? A systematic review of three decades of research. Work & Stress, 24(2), 107–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2010.495262

Skytt, B., Ljunggren, B., & Carlsson, M. (2007). Reasons to leave: The motives of first-line nurse managers’ for leaving their posts. Journal of Nursing Management, 15(3), 294–302. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2007.00651.x

Skaalvik, C. (2020). School principal self-efficacy for instructional leadership: Relations with engagement, emotional exhaustion and motivation to quit. Social Psychology of Education, 23(2), 479–498.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-020-09544-4

Sonnentag, S., & Schiffner, C. (2019). Psychological Detachment from Work during Nonwork Time and Employee Well-Being: The Role of Leader’s Detachment. The Spanish Journal of Psychology.

https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2019.2

Stephan, U. (2018). Entrepreneurs’ Mental Health and Well-Being: A Review and Research Agenda. Academy of Management Perspectives, 32(3), 290–322. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2017.0001

Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O’Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters,

M. D. J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., Hempel, S., Akl, E. A., Chang, C., McGowan, J., Stewart, L., Hartling, L., Aldcroft, A., Wilson, M. G., Garritty, C., … Straus, S. E. (2018). PRISMA Exten- sion for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467–473.

https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850

Tuononen, T., Suominen, A. L., & Lammintakanen, J. (2016). Factors associated with staying or leaving a dentist leader’s position—A qualitative study. BMC Oral Health. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12903-016-0206-Z

Unsgård, I. A. (2017). Introverte verdier—En kvalitativ intervjustudie av introverte ledere i Heimevernet og deres verdier [Master thesis, NTNU].

https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/handle/11250/2465801

Van der Hauwaert, E., Hoozée, S., Maussen, S., & Bruggeman, W. (2022). The impact of enabling performance measurement on managers’ autonomous work motivation and performance. Management Accounting Research, 55. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2021.100780

van Gelder, M., van Veldhoven, M., & van de Voorde, K. (2022). Wellbeing in line manag- ers during mandatory working from home: How work and personal factors combine. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1041902

Vitale, T. (2018). Impact of a Statewide Mentoring Program on Leadership Practices and Job Satisfaction Among Nurse Leaders. Nursing Research, 67(2), E113–E113.

Von Vultée, P. J., Axelsson, R., & Arnetz, B. (2007). The impact of organisational set- tings on physician wellbeing. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 20(6), 506–515. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.1108/09526860710819440

Vukonjanski, J., Nikolić, M., Hadžić, O., Terek, E., & Nedeljković, M. (2012). Relationship between GLOBE organizational culture dimensions, job satisfaction and leader-member exchange in Serbian organizations. Journal of East European Management Studies, 17(3), 333–368. Scopus.

https://doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2012-3-333

Wiklund, J., Nikolaev, B., Shir, N., Foo, M.-D., & Bradley, S. (2019). Entrepreneurship and well-being: Past, present, and future. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(4), 579–588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.01.002

Wilberg, E., & Matthiesen, S. B. (2017). Redaktører i omstilling: Faktorer som påvirkeret høyt jobbengasjement. Norsk medietidsskrift, 24(4), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.18261/issn.0508-9535-2017-04-03

Yong, J., Kim, J., Park, J., Seo, I., & Swinton, J. (2011). Effects of a spirituality training program on the spiritual and psychosocial well-being of hospital middle manager nurses in Korea. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 42(6), 280–288. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20101201-04

Yukl, G. A. (2006). Leadership in Organizations. Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Zopiatis, A., & Constanti, P. (2010). Leadership styles and burnout: Is there an associa- tion? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(3), 300–320. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596111011035927

Zwingmann, I., Wolf, S., & Richter, P. (2016). Every light has its shadow: A longitudinal study of transformational leadership and leaders’ emotional exhaustion: Every light has its shadow. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 46(1), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12352

How to Cite

Heiberg Johansen, J., & Rasmussen, S. (2025). An overview of international research on manager well-being: Scoping review of 698 research articles on manager well-being from 1953 to 2024. Aalborg University Open Publishing. https://doi.org/10.54337/aau.velliv2025